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As U.S. home sales see fluctuations, homeowners who profited from property sales in 2023 may face unexpected tax obligations. Despite a slight dip in median profits, many sellers still encountered taxable gains, prompting a need for strategic tax planning.
According to Miklos Ringbauer, a certified public accountant based in Los Angeles, exceeding IRS thresholds for tax-free gains can catch sellers off guard. However, Ringbauer emphasizes that tax laws aim to incentivize homeownership, offering potential tax breaks to eligible sellers.
For single homeowners, up to $250,000 in profit from home sales can be shielded from capital gains taxes, while married couples filing jointly can exclude up to $500,000, provided they meet IRS criteria.
To qualify for these exclusions, homeowners must adhere to strict ownership and residence tests. The ownership test requires owning the property for at least two of the past five years before the sale, with exceptions for married couples. The residence test mandates the property to serve as the primary residence for 24 months within the five years preceding the sale, with certain exceptions allowed.
It’s crucial to maintain detailed records of home improvements to increase the property’s basis and reduce taxable profits. Assunta McLane, a certified financial planner, recommends including costs of home additions, system upgrades, landscaping, or appliance installations. However, routine repairs and maintenance expenses typically don’t count toward basis adjustments.
McLane underscores the importance of thorough documentation, as estimates may not suffice during an audit. Detailed records provide evidence of capital improvements, helping homeowners substantiate adjustments to their property’s basis.
Despite the IRS receiving Form 1099-S post-sale, which outlines the closing date and gross proceeds, homeowners must provide documentation to support changes to the property’s basis. Failing to maintain comprehensive records of home improvements throughout ownership is a common oversight, warns McLane.
In conclusion, understanding IRS exclusions and employing strategies to enhance the property’s basis are vital for minimizing tax liabilities on home sales. Thorough record-keeping and adherence to IRS guidelines ensure homeowners can optimize tax benefits and navigate potential tax shocks with confidence.