The X-Ray is a powerful piece of technology used to find sickness in survivors. At first it can be a bit tricky to tell if someone is actually ill. The game only teaches you about one specific symptom when you start out. You have to use the machine to scan bodies and look for anything that looks gross or broken. Using the scanner is as easy as holding a button and moving the view over the person. You can also zoom in to get a better look at specific spots.
There are four different view settings on the machine to help you see better. One setting shows every organ at the same time which is good for a quick look. Another setting hides the bottom organs so you can focus on the chest area. If you want to see the brain you have to switch to the top view setting. There is even a mode that hides all organs entirely. This is very useful for finding items that people have hidden inside their bodies.
When you look at a healthy person the organs will look smooth and normal. There are five main signs of trouble you need to memorize. Internal bleeding makes organs look red and covered in tiny scars. Sometimes an organ will turn a weird light purple color which is a sign of infection. If you see green or blue fuzzy mold on an organ the person is definitely infected. In that case the rules say you have to take them out.
Not every gross looking organ means the person is a monster. Some people have yellow organs because they eat a lot of junk food. This is just a normal sickness and does not mean they are dangerous. However if you see black splotches on an organ that is called necrosis. That is a major sign of infection that you cannot ignore. If the organs look healthy and have no weird colors or black spots then the person is safe to pass.
Later in the game people start hiding illegal items inside themselves. If you use the empty view setting you can see these items glowing. You just have to mark the spot and a coworker in a hazmat suit will come help. He will take the item out so you can put it on a tray. You should take away weapons or drugs but the game says to let them keep any food you find. Always check the body if your metal detector goes off and the person is not carrying a bag.