Science | Business Upturn

India’s ‘Gaganyaatri,’ is set to travel to the International Space Station in a joint mission by ISRO and NASA.

Bhavya Rai — Sat, 27 Jul 2024 20:26:55 +0000

India is making a significant stride in its space program with an Indian astronaut, called a ‘Gaganyaatri,’ set to travel to the International Space Station (ISS). Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for Space, announced this in response to a query in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament.

Singh revealed that the Indian space agency ISRO, in collaboration with NASA and private entity Axiom Space, is planning this mission. Recently, ISRO signed an agreement with Axiom Space for this joint mission, known as Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4), which is scheduled to launch in August 2024 from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Indian Gaganyaatri will be one of four astronauts on this mission, joining an international team.

The chosen Gaganyaatri will come from a group of four Indian Air Force test pilots, who have been undergoing rigorous training for ISRO’s Gaganyaan mission, aimed at demonstrating India’s human spaceflight capabilities by 2025. These astronauts were selected by ISRO’s Astronaut Selection Board and have completed basic spaceflight training in Russia. Currently, they are training at ISRO’s Astronauts Training Facility in Bengaluru.

Singh also provided an update on the Gaganyaan mission’s progress, noting that two out of three training semesters are complete, and essential infrastructure, like simulators, has been developed. He confirmed that the human-rated launch vehicle is almost ready, with the crew and service modules in the final stages of integration.

Is Sunita Williams stuck in space?

Bhavya Rai — Thu, 25 Jul 2024 13:18:33 +0000

On June 5, NASA’s Starliner Crew Test Flight, led by Indian-American astronaut Sunita Williams and astronaut Butch Wilmore, encountered some technical difficulties, preventing their safe return to Earth. To address this, NASA is holding a media teleconference tonight at 9 pm IST to update everyone on the mission’s status and what’s being done to resolve the issues.

The conference will discuss the latest on the Boeing Crew Flight Test mission, including the “ground hot fire testing” being conducted. This testing is crucial for ensuring that the Starliner spacecraft can safely return home. Essentially, these tests simulate real flight conditions to make sure everything works as it should during re-entry.

UPDATE: Tomorrow's briefing on @NASA's @BoeingSpace Crew Flight Test mission will be televised live, starting at 11:30am ET.

Interested media must RSVP the @NASA_Johnson newsroom to attend. More: https://t.co/eBh9fuzwyl https://t.co/lyzADqC2m9

— ARCHIVED: NASA Commercial Crew (@Commercial_Crew) July 24, 2024

Recently, NASA and Boeing tested the Starliner’s thrusters at the White Sands Test Facility in New Mexico. This involved running simulations of various flight scenarios, like approaching the space station and dealing with stress during undocking and re-entry. Unfortunately, there have been several delays due to technical problems like helium leaks, malfunctioning thrusters, and faulty propellant valves. For instance, some thrusters have overheated, and the helium leaks, which pressurize the thrusters, seem to be related to their frequency of use.

NASA’s commercial crew manager, Steve Stich, noted that these overheating issues are linked to how often the thrusters are used and the associated helium leaks. Despite these setbacks, Sunita Williams expressed confidence during a recent press conference. She mentioned the extensive simulations they’ve undergone and reassured that if any problems arise, they’re prepared to handle them and safely return home.

Williams also shared her optimism about the spacecraft’s ability to bring them back safely, saying, “I have a real good feeling in my heart that the spacecraft will bring us home, no problem.”

Two asteroids whipped past Earth last week and here’s all that we know

Bhavya Rai — Thu, 04 Jul 2024 14:53:53 +0000

Last week, two asteroids passed close by Earth, providing scientists a chance to study them up close. While neither asteroid posed any threat to our planet, they were close enough for researchers to get detailed observations.

Asteroids 2024 MK and 2011 UL21

Asteroid 2024 MK: Passed by Earth on June 27.
Asteroid 2011 UL21: Came within 4.1 million miles of Earth on June 29. This asteroid is nearly a mile wide and classified as potentially hazardous due to its size and proximity. However, astronomers have confirmed it won’t impact Earth any time soon.

NASA scientists used the Deep Space Network’s radar to study these asteroids. They discovered that 2011 UL21 is part of a binary system, meaning it has a tiny moonlet orbiting it about 2 miles away. Understanding these binary systems helps scientists learn about the formation and characteristics of asteroids.

Discoveries and Techniques

Binary Systems: About two-thirds of large asteroids are in binary systems. By studying their orbits and interactions, scientists can gather information on their mass, density, and formation.
Radar Observations: Researchers used radar to bounce radio waves off the asteroids, revealing details about their surfaces and shapes.

The second asteroid, 2024 MK, came even closer to Earth, at a distance of 184,000 miles (closer than the moon). This asteroid is smaller, around 500 feet long, and has a jagged, complex surface. The close proximity allowed researchers to get detailed images and study its physical properties.

“These close flybys gave us an extraordinary opportunity to learn more about near-Earth asteroids,” said Lance Benner, principal scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. By studying these asteroids, scientists can better understand those that might pose a threat in the future.

James Webb captures a vivid portrait of a star being born

Bhavya Rai — Wed, 03 Jul 2024 03:21:05 +0000

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has captured an incredible new image of a young star, known as a protostar, surrounded by massive outflows of dust and gas. This young star is actively consuming material from its surrounding cloud, a process that creates dramatic visuals captured by Webb’s instruments. Previously, the protostar was observed using the near-infrared NIRCam camera, and now, new mid-infrared data from Webb’s MIRI instrument provides even more insight into this cosmic event.

Observing in the infrared spectrum allows scientists to peer through thick clouds of dust that would be impenetrable in visible light. This capability reveals the intricate interior structures of these clouds, such as the one surrounding the protostar L1527. The latest image showcases filaments formed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are key indicators of star formation. At the glowing red center of the image, we see hot gas and dust enveloping the protostar as it feeds and grows.

Protostar L1527 in Detail: The NIRCam image of L1527 highlights light reflected off the surrounding dust, while the new MIRI image reveals the densest regions of dust. In the MIRI image, a bright white area, not as prominent in the NIRCam image, appears. This area consists of a blend of PAHs, ionized gas, and other materials.

“The combination of analyses from both the near-infrared and mid-infrared views reveal the overall behavior of this system, including how the central protostar is affecting the surrounding region,” explain Webb scientists. The Taurus star-forming region, where L1527 is located, contains many other stars forming in a similar manner. This process can either disrupt molecular clouds, preventing new star formation, or catalyze the development of new stars.

The Future of L1527: This mesmerizing sight won’t last forever. The protostar will continue to consume more material and expel the remnants of the molecular cloud around it. Eventually, it will become a fully-fledged star, visible in the visible light spectrum as well.

The new images from the James Webb Space Telescope not only provide stunning visuals but also offer crucial data for understanding the processes involved in star formation. As Webb continues its mission, we can expect even more breathtaking and informative glimpses into the universe.

Do we need to increase ocean science data sharing?

Bhavya Rai — Wed, 03 Jul 2024 01:44:45 +0000

Our oceans are like the planet’s lifeline, playing an essential role in keeping Earth healthy. They help regulate the climate, support a wide range of life, and influence the weather. Plus, they provide us with vital resources like food, energy, and even medicine. Covering more than 70% of the Earth’s surface, oceans are responsible for producing at least half of the planet’s oxygen, according to the United Nations. Their importance is simply beyond measure.

Threats to Ocean Health

Despite their critical functions, our oceans are under threat from human activities. Rising sea temperatures, plastic pollution, and overfishing are just a few of the factors that are harming marine environments. These threats not only impact marine life but also disrupt the vital services oceans provide to our planet.

The Need for Proactive Ocean Management

Given the increasing pressures on our oceans and their crucial role in combating climate change, it’s clear that we need to take action to understand and protect them better. One of the key steps is improving access to ocean science data, as emphasized by Robert Hoddenbach, Fugro’s Global Business Line Director for Land Asset Integrity.

The Power of Ocean Science Data

Ocean data is essential for creating a safer and more sustainable world. Research in collaboration with Economist Impact reveals that about two-thirds of the marine-based climate change economy depends on ocean observation data. This reliance is expected to grow as climate change makes ocean conditions and weather more unpredictable.

Real-Time Monitoring and Resilience

Ocean observation systems provide real-time data, allowing us to monitor marine ecosystems and understand their health and resilience. With this information, we can pinpoint stressors like pollution or climate change and evaluate the impact of ocean decarbonization efforts. This knowledge is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies.

For oceanographers, analyzing currents, temperature changes, and circulation patterns is vital. This data helps refine climate models and improves our ability to forecast extreme weather events like hurricanes and severe storms, making communities safer.

Through bathymetry, or ocean floor mapping, we gain a deeper understanding of underwater landscapes. High-quality data collected via remote technology can reveal features like submarine ridges, seamounts, and potential hazards such as underwater volcanoes or landslides. This information is invaluable for planning sustainable infrastructure and conservation measures.

In conclusion, our oceans are indispensable, and protecting them requires a commitment to advancing our understanding through science and data. By leveraging ocean science, we can ensure the health and sustainability of these critical ecosystems for generations to come.

NASA spacewalk called off due to dramatic water leak from astronaut’s spacesuit

Bhavya Rai — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 04:18:06 +0000

NASA astronauts Tracy C. Dyson and Mike Barratt had their spacewalk plans cut short today when Dyson’s spacesuit decided to add an unexpected water feature to the whole event. Mission control was treated to a surprise spray when Dyson reported, “There’s water everywhere,” shortly after they opened the hatch.

The duo was aiming for a leisurely stroll in space, a six-and-a-half-hour promenade, but things took a soggy turn just 31 minutes in. As soon as the ISS hatch swung open, Dyson’s suit decided to make a splash, literally, with water gushing from the service and cooling umbilical unit.

NASA’s quick response team explained, “This watery conundrum stemmed from a pesky leak in Tracy Dyson’s spacesuit cooling unit. No cause for alarm, but with uncertain water levels left, the astronauts wisely decided to abort the spacewalk.”

After hastily repressurizing the hatch, Dyson and Barratt managed to ditch their soggy suits and retreat to the cozy confines of the ISS. This unscheduled aquatic adventure echoes past incidents, like Matthias Maurer’s surprise helmet pool party in 2022, and the nerve-racking episode with Luca Parmitano’s near-drowning in 2013.

With both NASA and ESA using the same Extravehicular Mobility Units (EMUs), these watery mishaps are taken seriously. NASA’s now on the case to drain more info on this watery mystery before they get back on the spacewalk bandwagon.

Gorgeous Webb image of Serpens Nebula shows a strange alignment

Bhavya Rai — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:25:58 +0000

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured a breathtaking image of the Serpens Nebula, a dense, star-forming region teeming with new stars emerging amidst clouds of dust and gas. Unlike many nebulae that glow due to radiation from stars, the Serpens Nebula is a reflection nebula, shining only by reflecting light from nearby sources.

This visually stunning image also provides critical insights into a fascinating phenomenon associated with newborn stars. As stars form, they begin as protostars, which emit highly energetic jets of gas from their north and south poles. When these jets collide with surrounding dust and gas, they create shockwaves visible in the top left of the image. The red streaks of molecular hydrogen mark these outflows, and intriguingly, all the jets are aligned at the same angle. This is the first observation of such aligned jets.

Ordinarily, protostars would eject gas in various directions, so the alignment suggests a unique influence within this region. Webb scientists propose that a few forces might align these outflows during the early stages of star formation. One possibility is the presence of binary stars, which orbit each other and wobble, thereby twisting the direction of the jets over time.

To delve deeper into the nature of this region, Webb scientists plan to use the telescope’s NIRSpec instrument to analyze the composition of the cloud, building on the data captured with the NIRCam instrument.

This discovery not only adds a visually striking image to Webb’s portfolio but also offers significant clues about the dynamics of star formation in the Serpens Nebula. By studying these aligned jets, astronomers hope to uncover more about the processes shaping these nascent stars and the environment influencing them.

What happened when NASA simulated an asteroid hitting Earth

Bhavya Rai — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:20:43 +0000

While the plot of many a Hollywood blockbuster, the prospect of a colossal asteroid hurtling towards Earth is also a genuine concern for space agencies. NASA, along with its Planetary Defense Coordination Office, is tasked with planning and preparing for such an eventuality. Earlier this year, they conducted a high-stakes simulation, involving key agencies like FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) and the Department of State Office of Space Affairs, to envision their response if a perilous asteroid were detected on a collision course with Earth.

In this exercise, an imagined asteroid was discovered with a daunting 72% probability of striking Earth in approximately 14 years. With this extended lead time, space agencies would have several options to attempt deflection. One such method, inspired by the DART test, involves sending a spacecraft to collide with the asteroid to alter its trajectory. In 2022, the DART mission successfully demonstrated this technique by slightly changing the course of an asteroid.

However, the simulation highlighted significant uncertainties, such as the asteroid’s size and composition, making it challenging to predict the success of any intervention. This mirrors real-world asteroid detection issues, where details like trajectory, shape, mass, and composition may not be immediately known. Additionally, tracking asteroids becomes complicated when they move behind the sun, rendering them unobservable for extended periods.

Another vital aspect of the exercise was ensuring coordinated responses from various agencies. FEMA’s role would be crucial in organizing ground responses. “Our mission is helping people before, during, and after disasters,” explained Leviticus “L.A.” Lewis, FEMA detailee to NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office. FEMA’s experience in disaster preparedness and response would be pivotal in managing the aftermath of an asteroid impact, should one occur.

NASA emphasizes that there are no known asteroids currently threatening Earth. However, preparedness remains key. The earlier an asteroid is detected, the more time there is to develop and implement a response strategy. “A large asteroid impact is potentially the only natural disaster humanity has the technology to predict years in advance and take action to prevent,” noted Lindley Johnson, NASA planetary defense officer emeritus.

NASA has shared an initial summary of the exercise findings, with a more comprehensive report expected to follow. This simulation underscores the importance of continued vigilance and preparation in safeguarding our planet from potential celestial threats.

Well-known star turns out to be not one star, but twins

Bhavya Rai — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 14:49:44 +0000

Some regions and objects in the cosmos are favored targets for astronomers due to their proximity and the unique features they possess, like stellar nurseries or black holes. Occasionally, even these well-known objects unveil unexpected surprises, as happened recently with the star system WL20.

The Discovery of WL20S

Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) made a startling revelation about a star in the WL20 region. Known as WL20S, this star was observed to be not a single star but a pair.

“What we discovered was absolutely wild,” said astronomer Mary Barsony. “We’ve known about star system WL20 for a long time. But what caught our attention is that one of the stars in the system appeared much younger than the rest. Using MIRI and ALMA together, we actually saw that this ONE star was TWO stars right next to each other. Each of these stars was surrounded by a disk, and each disc was emitting jets parallel to the other.”

The JWST’s MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) and the ground-based ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) were instrumental in this discovery. Webb observed the jets of material from the stars, while ALMA provided detailed images of the disks of material around them.

Mike Ressler from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory highlighted the importance of using both telescopes together: “The power of these two telescopes together is really incredible. If we hadn’t seen that these were two stars, the ALMA results might have just looked like a single disk with a gap in the middle. Instead, we have new data about two stars that are clearly at a critical point in their lives, when the processes that formed them are petering out.”

The disks of material around each star could potentially be forming planets, while the jets are composed of streams of charged particles emitted from the poles of each star. The combination of Webb’s infrared capabilities and ALMA’s radio wavelength observations was crucial for making this discovery.

“It’s amazing that this region still has so much to teach us about the life cycle of stars,” said Ressler. “I’m thrilled to see what else Webb will reveal.”

The collaborative power of the JWST and ALMA continues to provide groundbreaking insights into our understanding of star formation and the complex processes that govern stellar systems.

How to watch NASA’s first spacewalk of 2024

Bhavya Rai — Wed, 12 Jun 2024 13:59:39 +0000

NASA is gearing up for its first spacewalk of 2024, set to take place on Thursday, June 13, and you can catch all the action live. Astronauts Tracy C. Dyson and Matt Dominick will venture outside the International Space Station (ISS) to tackle some crucial tasks.

Dyson and Dominick will exit the ISS via the Quest airlock to remove a faulty electronics box, known as a radio frequency group, from a communications antenna on the starboard truss of the ISS. This is a vital task to ensure the continued smooth operation of the station’s communication systems.

But that’s not all. The duo will also collect microorganisms from the exterior of the ISS. This research aims to help scientists understand how microorganisms survive and reproduce in the harsh conditions of space.

Astronaut Profiles

Tracy C. Dyson: This will be Dyson’s fourth spacewalk. She arrived at the ISS in March aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft.
Matt Dominick: Dominick will be making his spacewalk debut. He also arrived at the ISS in March but via a SpaceX Crew Dragon as part of Crew-8.

How to watch NASA’s first spacewalk of 2024

Coverage Start Time: 6:30 a.m. ET
Spacewalk Start Time: Around 8 a.m. ET
Duration: Approximately six-and-a-half hours

You can watch the entire spacewalk live on multiple platforms:

NASA+
NASA Television
NASA app
NASA’s YouTube channel
NASA’s website

Identifying the Astronauts

Dyson: Red stripes on her suit.
Dominick: Unmarked suit.

Multiple cameras will follow Dyson and Dominick during their mission, providing various angles of their activities. You’ll also hear live audio communications between the astronauts and Mission Control, with NASA providing commentary to explain the ongoing tasks.

This is the first of three planned NASA spacewalks over the next few weeks. The other two are scheduled for June 24 and July 2. There was also a spacewalk in April conducted by two cosmonauts, overseen by Roscosmos, Russia’s space agency.

Don’t miss this opportunity to witness space exploration in real-time and gain insight into the essential maintenance and research activities that keep the ISS operational and advance our understanding of living in space.

Auroras and radiation from solar storms spotted on Mars

Bhavya Rai — Wed, 12 Jun 2024 13:56:55 +0000

Recent solar storms have not only caused spectacular auroras across Earth but also affected Mars, revealing crucial data about the Red Planet’s radiation environment. These storms, stemming from heightened solar activity, have significant implications for future human missions to Mars. NASA’s Curiosity rover has been instrumental in observing these effects, especially given Mars’ thin atmosphere, which poses a potentially hazardous radiation risk.

Solar Storm Impact on Curiosity

The solar storms’ impact is evident in the visual noise captured by Curiosity’s cameras. Charged particles from these storms hit the rover’s cameras, producing specks that look like snow or static in the images. Animations from Curiosity’s Navigation Camera (MSL) highlight these effects, showing the charged particles vividly. You can view these animations on NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory website here and here.

Radiation Risks

If astronauts had been on Mars during such a storm, they would have received a radiation dose of 8,100 micrograys—equivalent to 30 chest X-rays. While not lethal, this spike in radiation is significant enough to require serious consideration for future Mars missions. Protecting astronauts from these radiation bursts is a priority for researchers.

One proposed solution is utilizing Mars’ natural landscape for protection. “Cliffsides or lava tubes could provide additional shielding for astronauts during such events,” explains Don Hassler of the Southwest Research Institute, the lead researcher on Curiosity’s Radiation Assessment Detector instrument. Mars orbit or deep space would expose astronauts to even higher radiation levels, emphasizing the need for effective protection strategies.

Observations from Mars Orbit

NASA’s orbiting spacecraft also recorded the effects of the solar storms. For instance, one of Mars Odyssey’s cameras was knocked out for about an hour due to the storm. Additionally, the MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) orbiter observed auroras over Mars. Unlike Earth, Mars lacks a global magnetic field, causing auroras through different mechanisms.

Increased Solar Activity

“This was the largest solar energetic particle event that MAVEN has ever seen,” said Christina Lee, MAVEN Space Weather Lead from UC Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory. With several solar events occurring in recent weeks, Mars experienced multiple waves of particles hitting its surface.

These observations highlight the importance of understanding and mitigating radiation risks for future Mars missions. As solar activity continues, both Earth and Mars can expect more solar storms, underscoring the need for robust protective measures for astronauts venturing to the Red Planet.

Related to this, NASA is assisting with the launch of Europe’s Mars rover, and solar storms have created stunning auroras on Earth while also impacting missions like the Ingenuity Mars helicopter. As we prepare for future explorations, understanding these solar phenomena is crucial for ensuring the safety and success of human missions to Mars.

Experience the Solar Eclipse 2024: Date, Timing, Duration, and Live Streaming from North America – Safety Measures and India Visibility

News Desk — Mon, 08 Apr 2024 03:42:24 +0000

The Solar Eclipse 2024, also known as the Great North American Eclipse, is an astronomical phenomenon that will occur on April 8, 2024. During this event, the Moon will pass between the Earth and the Sun, blocking some or all of the Sun’s light from reaching Earth. This can only happen during a new moon when the Sun and Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth. The total solar eclipse will be visible from North America, specifically crossing over Mexico, the United States, and Canada.

Solar Eclipse 2024 Date, Timing, and Duration

The total solar eclipse will begin at 9:12 pm Indian Standard Time (IST) on April 8, 2024, and the totality will start at 10:08 pm IST. It will end on April 9, 2024, at 2:22 am IST. The totality, which is the most dramatic part of the eclipse, will last for about 4 minutes and 27 seconds, which is almost double that of the Great American Eclipse of August 2017.

Where and How to Watch Solar Eclipse 2024

You can experience the awe-inspiring event virtually! Here are some popular live streams to tune into:

NASA: Starting at 5:00 pm GMT (10:30 pm IST) on April 8, 2024.
timeanddate.com: Starting at 4:30 pm GMT (10:00 pm IST) on April 8, 2024.
McDonald Observatory: An astronomical research facility located in far west Texas, and part of the University of Texas at Austin, will also Livestream the celestial event.

Viewing Solar Eclipse 2024 from India

While the total solar eclipse will not be visible from India, astronomy enthusiasts and curious viewers can still experience this celestial event through live streams provided by reputable sources. NASA, timeanddate.com, and the McDonald Observatory in far west Texas, part of the University of Texas at Austin, are among the organizations planning to broadcast the eclipse live.

Safety Measures for Watching Solar Eclipse 2024

Looking directly at the Sun during a solar eclipse can burn the eye’s retinas and cause permanent damage or even blindness. Therefore, viewers have been advised to wear protective eyewear such as licensed eclipse glasses during the partial phases in a bid to not damage the eye’s retinas.

In conclusion, the Solar Eclipse 2024 is a rare and fascinating astronomical event that will be visible from North America. While it won’t be visible from India, you can still experience the eclipse through live streams provided by NASA, timeanddate.com, and McDonald Observatory. Remember to take necessary safety measures while watching the eclipse to avoid any damage to your eyes.

Wonders of science: celebrating India’s National Science Day

Girish Linganna — Mon, 26 Feb 2024 03:30:06 +0000

India National Science Day is a special day dedicated to celebrating the wonders of science and its role in improving our lives. Observed annually on February 28th, the upcoming day marks the discovery of the Raman Effect by Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman in 1928. The Raman Effect is an important scientific phenomenon that explains how light interacts with matter. National Science Day aims to promote scientific temper and inspire curiosity among people of all ages, encouraging them to explore the fascinating world of science.

The Raman Effect, discovered by Sir C.V. Raman, is a groundbreaking scientific discovery that has had a significant impact on the field of physics. It is named after Raman in recognition of his remarkable contribution to science. The Raman Effect explains how light scatters when it interacts with matter.

When a beam of light passes through a substance, such as a liquid, gas, or solid, some of the light gets scattered in different directions. This scattered light contains valuable information about the molecular structure and composition of the substance. By studying the scattered light, scientists can gain insights into the properties of materials and unravel the mysteries of the microscopic world. The Raman Effect has found applications in various fields, including chemistry, biology, materials science, and pharmaceuticals. It has revolutionized the way scientists analyze and identify substances, helping them develop new drugs, understand biological processes, and create advanced materials with unique properties.

National Science Day is a time for everyone to come together and celebrate the power of science. It provides a platform to showcase scientific achievements, encourage scientific thinking, and promote scientific research and innovation in India. The day is marked by various activities such as science exhibitions, seminars, workshops, and public lectures. Schools, colleges, research institutions, and scientific organizations across the country actively participate in organizing events and competitions to engage students and the general public. These events aim to foster a love for science, inspire young minds to pursue scientific careers, and create awareness about the importance of scientific research in addressing societal challenges.

National Science Day also serves as a reminder of the rich scientific heritage of India. It highlights the contributions of Indian scientists to the world of science and encourages the younger generation to follow in their footsteps. It emphasizes the need for a scientifically literate society that values evidence-based knowledge and critical thinking.

India National Science Day is a celebration of scientific curiosity, discovery, and innovation. It reminds us of the immense power of science in shaping our lives and solving complex problems. Through the Raman Effect, Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman made a significant contribution to the field of science, leaving a lasting impact on the world. In celebrating National Science Day, it is important to note the perspective of renowned writer Yashomathy Belagare, who emphasizes the significance of actively promoting and spreading such activities to encourage STEM education among students. Belagare stresses that both the people and the government should come together to ensure that these initiatives reach a wider audience, fostering a greater interest in science and technology.

Belagare emphasized the importance of providing education that encompasses Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Such education equips students with essential skills for the future job market, fosters innovation and problem-solving abilities, and enables them to tackle global challenges through scientific and technological advancements.

On this special day, let us appreciate the wonders of science and its potential to transform our society for the better. Let us encourage the budding scientists, nurture their curiosity, and provide them with opportunities to explore the exciting world of scientific exploration. By embracing science and promoting scientific temper, we can pave the way for a brighter future where innovation and knowledge lead us to new frontiers.

(Views expressed in the article are of the author’s own and do not reflect the editorial stance of Business Upturn)

What is a Peptide Bond?

News Desk — Thu, 08 Feb 2024 06:27:47 +0000

This interaction is a peptide bond when two amino acids combine to create a covalent connection. A carboxyl group of one amino acid causes a reaction with the amino group of another amino acid, creating a peptide bond. Additionally, a water molecule is released as a consequence of this. A condensation reaction is the term used to describe this process. The bond formed as a consequence is a CO-NH bond; thusforth, it will be referred to as a peptide bond. In addition to this, the molecule that is produced is referred to as an amide.

The Formation of Peptide Bonds

There is a need for the molecules of the amino acids in question to be oriented so that the carboxylic acid group of one amino acid can interact with the amine group of another amino acid for a peptide link to be formed. In its most fundamental form, this may be shown by creating a peptide bond between two lone amino acids, which results in developing a dipeptide, the smallest peptide (because it only consists of two amino acids).

Furthermore, many amino acids may be connected in chains to generate new peptides. Generally, peptides have fifty or fewer amino acids, polypeptides have fifty to one hundred amino acids, and proteins are peptides with more than one hundred amino acids. Researchers interested in more general peptide information may see general overviews written published on sites like Biotech Peptides, which will provide a more in-depth explanation of peptides, peptide bonds, polypeptides, and proteins. Visit this page for additional information.

A peptide bond may be broken down by hydrolysis, a chemical breakdown of a substance due to an interaction with water. Despite the extremely slow process, the peptide bonds produced inside peptides, polypeptides, and proteins are prone to breaking when they come into contact with water (metastable bonds). About 10 kilojoules per mole of free energy are released due to the reaction between a peptide bond and water. Between 190 and 230 nanometers is the wavelength at which a peptide bond absorbs light.

When it comes to the domain of biology, enzymes found inside living creatures can both create and break down peptide connections. Peptides are components of various substances, including hormones, antibiotics, anticancer medicines, and neurotransmitters. Most peptides are classified as proteins owing to their high amount of amino acids.

The Peptide Bond’s Structure and Function

Several short peptides have been subjected to x-ray diffraction examinations by researchers to understand the physical properties of peptide bonds better. Numerous experiments have suggested that peptide bonds are stiff and planar. The resonance interaction of the amide is primarily responsible for developing these physical features. The amide nitrogen can delocalize its only pair of electrons into the carbonyl oxygen, forming these characteristics.

Specifically, the structure of the peptide bond is directly impacted by this resonance action. Indeed, it is true that the N–C bond of the compound bond is shorter than the N–Cα bond, whereas the C=O bond is longer than the carbonyl bonds that are often found in molecules. Because of the likelihood of steric interactions in a cis configuration, the carbonyl oxygen and amide hydrogen in the peptide are in a trans configuration rather than a cis configuration. This configuration is more beneficial from an energy standpoint than the cis configuration.

The Polarity of the Bond Between the Peptides

Regarding the structure of a peptide bond, free rotation should typically occur around a single bond that consists of a carbonyl carbon and an amide nitrogen. In this particular instance, however, the nitrogen has a single pair of electrons. These electrons are near a carbon-oxygen link. Consequently, it is possible to construct a plausible resonance structure in which a double link connects carbon and nitrogen. Consequently, the nitrogen has a positive charge, whereas the oxygen possesses a negative charge. As a result, the resonance structure prevents rotation around the peptide bond from occurring. In addition to this, the actual structure is a weighted combination of these two forms. It is important to consider the resonance structure when describing the electron distribution. The peptide bond has roughly forty percent of the characteristics of a double bond. Therefore, it is inflexible as a consequence.

The presence of charges causes the peptide bond to have a permanent dipole. As a consequence of the resonance, the oxygen carries a charge of -0.28, and the nitrogen carries a charge of +0.28 simultaneously.

If you are a researcher interested in more general peptide information, such as what peptides are, peptide purification methods, peptide solubility, or synthesis, visit the Biotech Peptides website for more educational articles.

References

[i] Sant AJ, Beeson C, McFarland B, Cao J, Ceman S, Bryant PW, Wu S. Individual hydrogen bonds play a critical role in MHC class II: peptide interactions: implications for the dynamic aspects of class II trafficking and DM-mediated peptide exchange. Immunol Rev. 1999 Dec;172:239-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01369.x. PMID: 10631950.

[ii] Hung I, Mao W, Keeler EG, Griffin RG, Gor’kov PL, Gan Z. Characterization of peptide O⋯HN hydrogen bonds via1H-detected 15N/17O solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb). 2023 Mar 9;59(21):3111-3113. PMID: 36804656; PMCID: PMC10004979.

[iii] Gentilucci L, De Marco R, Cerisoli L. Chemical modifications designed to improve peptide stability: incorporation of non-natural amino acids, pseudo-peptide bonds, and cyclization. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16(28):3185-203. PMID: 20687878.

NASA achieves milestone in deep space communication with laser signal from 10m miles away

Mahita Jain — Wed, 06 Dec 2023 13:46:19 +0000

NASA has successfully received a signal from a spacecraft positioned an astounding 10 million miles away, utilizing a distant laser. This milestone marks a significant leap forward in NASA’s Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) experiment, demonstrating the potential to revolutionize communications with spacecraft beyond the Moon.

The conventional method for communicating with deep space probes involves radio signals transmitted to and from colossal antennas on Earth. While, this approach suffers from limited bandwidth, hindering the transfer of large data files such as high-definition photos and videos. NASA’s DSOC initiative aims to overcome these limitations by exploring optical communications through lasers, a technology that could enhance data rates by up to 100 times.

The recent successful test involved relaying data through a laser from a spacecraft positioned over 40 times the distance from the lunar surface, marking the first instance of such a communication breakthrough. The spacecraft in question is part of NASA’s Psyche mission, which departed Earth last month on a mission to study a distant asteroid. Equipped with a laser transceiver capable of sending and receiving laser signals in near-infrared, the spacecraft achieved a significant feat by locking onto a NASA laser beacon in California.

“Achieving first light is one of many critical DSOC milestones in the coming months, paving the way toward higher-data-rate communications capable of sending scientific information, high-definition imagery, and streaming video in support of humanity’s next giant leap: sending humans to Mars,” said Trudy Kortes, director of technology demonstrations for the Space Technology Mission Directorate at Nasa Headquarters in Washington.

The precision required in pointing the laser signal is likened to the challenge of aiming a light at a coin from a mile away. Complicating matters further, both the laser and its target are in constant motion. As the light travels from Psyche’s furthest distance to Earth, a journey taking approximately 20 minutes, both the spacecraft and the planet undergo significant movements.

The NASA team will focus on refining the systems ensuring the spacecraft accurately directs its lasers. Once achieved, NASA plans to conduct an experiment to demonstrate the spacecraft’s ability to maintain high-bandwidth data transfer at varying distances from Earth. This involves breaking down the data into bits encoded in the photons of light transmitted by the spacecraft. These encoded bits of information can then be reassembled into images or other critical data upon arrival at Earth, showcasing the potential of laser communication for future deep space missions, including those involving human exploration.

Watch Video – https://cdn.jwplayer.com/previews/BnMn5Uc1

SpaceX’s Starship launches its second test flight

Dimple Gehlot — Sat, 18 Nov 2023 16:00:59 +0000

In a remarkable step towards future space exploration, SpaceX’s Starship, hailed as the most powerful rocket ever built by SpaceX and one of the biggest rocket, standing tall at about 394 feet tall, embarked on its second test flight. Despite losing contact after reaching an altitude of about 90 miles above Earth, the mission showcased advancements, indicating Elon Musk’s space company is on track for its ambitious spaceflight goals. Elon Musk also took to X and congratulated the whole team of SpaceX:

Congratulations team @SpaceX team! https://t.co/BlKAudwW47

— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) November 18, 2023

Designed for full and rapid reusability, SpaceX’s Starship holds the potential to carry larger payloads into space, significantly reducing the cost of launching satellites, space telescopes, and even astronauts. While the second flight, intended to demonstrate a partial trip around the world and a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean, fell short of its ultimate objective, it showcased improvements from the initial test in April.

Congratulations to the entire SpaceX team on an exciting second integrated flight test of Starship!

Starship successfully lifted off under the power of all 33 Raptor engines on the Super Heavy Booster and made it through stage separation pic.twitter.com/JnCvLAJXPi

— SpaceX (@SpaceX) November 18, 2023

The initial flight on April 20 faced challenges as engines failed, leading to a controlled descent at high altitude. In April, the Starship exploded minutes into the launch and ended up significantly damaging the launchpad significantly. The second flight addressed key issues, including the successful firing of all 33 engines in the lower booster stage and a seamless stage separation. Today, the stage separation of Starship took place as scheduled, approximately 2 minutes and 41 seconds into the launch. While the separation process seemed to progress smoothly, unfortunately, the Super Heavy booster experienced an explosion shortly thereafter and it was also confirmed by the company and the engineers call it “rapid unscheduled disassembly”.

The upper-stage Starship spacecraft continued toward orbit, reaching an altitude of over 90 miles before losing contact, possibly due to the flight termination system detonation. While not achieving all objectives, this Starship is crucial for NASA’s plans to transport astronauts to the moon again and potentially launch human missions to Mars. Shortly after the launch, Bill Nelson, NASA’s administrator also took to X and congratulated the SpaceX team on their launch of this Starship.

Spanish space company announces launch of country’s first rocket

United News of India (UNI) — Sat, 07 Oct 2023 14:01:32 +0000

Madrid, Oct 7 : Spain’s private space company PLD Space said on Saturday it had successfully launched the country’s first suborbital reusable rocket, Miura 1.

“The Spanish company PLD Space has made history after successfully completing the launch of the first private European rocket, MIURA 1. The maiden flight of its suborbital launcher showcases the advanced level of technology and know-how that has been developed by the company since 2011,” the company said in a statement.

The flight lasted 306 seconds, during which the rocket reached an altitude of 46 kilometers (28.5 miles), according to the statement. The rocket landed in the Atlantic Ocean and will be recovered by the company.

This was not the first attempt to launch Miura 1. In May, PLD Space announced it was cancelling the Miura 1 test launch because of strong winds. In June, the launch was scrubbed due to concerns it could cause wild fires. The launch was cancelled again on June 17 because of last-minute technical issues.

PLD Space unveiled the first reusable suborbital launch vehicle MIURA 1 developed in Spain in 2021. This is a single-stage rocket with a length of 12.5 meters (39 feet) and a diameter of 0.7 meters (27.5 inches). Equipped with a recovery system, the rocket can be retrieved from the ocean and reused.

ISRO Aditya-L1: A leap towards the Sun

Vanshika Lodhi — Sat, 30 Sep 2023 18:02:26 +0000

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has achieved another significant milestone in its space exploration journey. The Aditya-L1 spacecraft, ISRO’s latest mission, has successfully travelled beyond a distance of 9.2 lakh kilometres from Earth, escaping the sphere of Earth’s influence.

The spacecraft is now navigating its path towards the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1 (L1), a point in space where the gravitational forces of the Earth and the Sun balance the centrifugal force felt by a spacecraft. This allows the spacecraft to essentially ‘hover’ in space, providing a stable point from which to observe the Sun.

This achievement marks the second time in succession that ISRO has been able to send a spacecraft outside the sphere of influence of the Earth. The first such mission was the Mars Orbiter Mission, which made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit and the first nation in the world to do so in its maiden attempt.

The successful navigation of Aditya-L1 towards L1 is a testament to ISRO’s growing capabilities in space exploration and its commitment to advancing our understanding of space. The mission will provide valuable data about the Sun’s corona, which can help scientists better understand solar storms and their impact on Earth.

Chandrayaan 3 Mission carries on with In- situ scientific experiments on the Lunar surface

Kashvi Basu — Sun, 27 Aug 2023 17:55:14 +0000

ISRO i.e Indian Space Research Organisation on August 26th informed that two of their major three Chandrayaan-3 mission objectives have been achieved and the third which is the in-situ scientific experiments — is under the process to reach its goal. The national space agency headquartered here also said almost all the important components of Chandrayaan-3 mission are performing normally.

“Chandrayaan-3 Mission: Of the 3 mission objectives, demonstration of a safe and soft landing on the lunar surface is accomplished. Demonstration of Rover roving on the moon is accomplished. Conducting in-situ scientific experiments is underway. All payloads are performing normally,” ISRO said on X’, previously called Twitter. India on August 23 marked a historic moment as ISRO’s ambitious third Moon mission Chandrayaan-3’s Lander Module (LM) touched down on the lunar surface, making it only the fourth country to accomplish this great achievement and the absolute first to reach the uncharted south pole of the Earth’s one and only natural satellite. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 26th took an integral decision to name the spot where Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander made soft landing as “Shiv Shakti Point” and the site where the Chandrayaan-2 lander crash-landed on the Moon’s surface in 2019 will be remembered as “Tiranga Point”.

August 23rd, the date when the Chandrayaan-3 lander touched down on the lunar surface, would be hailed nationwide as the National Space Day.

ISRO’s Aditya L1 Mission: Exploring the mysteries of the Sun from space

Vanshika Lodhi — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 13:54:58 +0000

Introduction

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) taking on multiple space missions this year. The Chandrayaan 3 landing is indeed a historic event, and we can’t wait to see the results of the mission. ISRO is also planning to launch its first solar mission, Aditya L1, which will study the Sun from an orbit around the L1 point of the Sun-Earth system. The spacecraft will carry seven payloads to observe the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona in different wavebands. The major science objectives of Aditya L1 mission are to study the solar upper atmospheric (chromosphere and corona) dynamics.

Unveiling the Aditya L1 Mission

The Journey Begins

The Aditya L1 mission was conceived in 2006 when a group of scientists from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and the Astronomical Society of India presented a proposal to ISRO. Originally envisioned as a small satellite in low Earth orbit to monitor the Sun, the mission evolved into a comprehensive solar and space environment observatory to be placed at the Lagrange point L1.

The Lagrange Point Advantage

Aditya L1 will be inserted into a halo orbit around the Lagrange point L1, which is located approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. This strategic position allows for continuous and uninterrupted observations of the Sun, providing scientists with valuable insights into solar activities and their impact on space weather in real-time. Placing a spacecraft precisely at L1 requires meticulous maneuvering and control to counteract gravitational perturbations.

The First Indian Sun Mission

Aditya L1 is a pioneering mission for India, as it represents the country’s first dedicated effort to study the Sun. The spacecraft, weighing approximately 1,500 kilograms, will carry seven state-of-the-art payloads to observe various layers of the solar atmosphere and capture crucial data about the Sun’s behavior. These payloads will enable scientists to study phenomena such as coronal mass ejections, solar flares, and the dynamics of the solar upper atmosphere.

Scientific Objectives of Aditya L1

The Aditya L1 mission is driven by a set of ambitious scientific objectives that aim to unravel the mysteries of the Sun and its influence on space weather and Earth’s climate. Let’s explore these objectives in detail:

1. Dynamics of the Solar Atmosphere

One of the primary goals of the mission is to study the dynamics of the solar atmosphere, including the chromosphere and corona. By observing these regions, scientists hope to gain insights into the processes involved in coronal heating, coronal mass ejections, and solar flares.

2. Understanding Coronal Heating

The Sun’s corona, with its temperature exceeding 1 million degrees Celsius, has long puzzled scientists. Aditya L1 aims to investigate the physics behind coronal heating, shedding light on the mechanisms responsible for this extreme temperature difference between the Sun’s lower and upper atmosphere.

3. Probing the Solar Wind

The solar wind, a stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun, plays a crucial role in space weather and impacts Earth’s environment. Aditya L1 will provide in-situ observations of the solar wind, contributing to our understanding of its composition, dynamics, and origin.

4. Exploring Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)

Coronal mass ejections are colossal eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun’s corona. Aditya L1 will investigate the initiation, evolution, and propagation of CMEs, enabling scientists to better predict and understand these powerful solar events.

5. Magnetic Field Measurements

The mission will focus on studying the magnetic field topology and variations in the solar corona. Accurate measurements of the magnetic field strength and structure are essential for understanding the Sun’s influence on space weather and Earth’s magnetosphere.

6. Solar Climate Connection

Aditya L1 will contribute to our knowledge of the Sun’s impact on Earth’s climate. By studying the Sun’s emissions and their effects on Earth’s atmosphere, scientists aim to unravel the connection between solar activity and climate variations.

7. Comprehensive Solar Imaging

The spacecraft’s advanced payloads, such as the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) and Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT), will provide near-simultaneous images of different layers of the Sun’s atmosphere. This comprehensive imaging will enable scientists to study the transfer of energy and matter between various layers and better comprehend the Sun’s inner workings.

The Technology behind Aditya L1

Indigenous Payloads

Aditya L1 is a testament to India’s technological prowess, as it features several indigenous payloads developed by national institutions. The Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) payload, designed by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, will enable detailed spectroscopic and imaging studies of the Sun’s corona. The Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT) payload, developed by the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, will focus on capturing images of the Sun’s chromosphere and photosphere.

In-situ Particle and Field Studies

To gather critical data about the solar wind and its interaction with the environment around L1, Aditya L1 incorporates the Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX) and the Plasma Analyzer Package for Aditya (PAPA). These instruments will analyze the composition, flux, and properties of particles and magnetic fields in the vicinity of the spacecraft.

X-ray Spectrometry

Aditya L1 will also carry the Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS) and the High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS). These instruments will focus on detecting and studying X-ray flares and dynamic events in the solar corona, providing valuable insights into the Sun’s high-energy phenomena.

The Significance of Aditya L1

The Aditya L1 mission holds immense significance for both scientific exploration and practical applications. Let’s delve into the key reasons why this mission is crucial:

Advancing Solar Science

By studying the Sun’s atmosphere, Aditya L1 will contribute to significant advancements in solar physics and our understanding of stellar dynamics. The mission’s comprehensive observations and measurements will help unravel long-standing mysteries surrounding the Sun’s behavior and its impact on space weather.

Enhancing Space Weather Forecasting

Solar activity, such as coronal mass ejections and solar flares, can have a profound impact on Earth’s technological infrastructure and space-based assets. Aditya L1’s observations will enhance our ability to forecast and mitigate the effects of space weather events, safeguarding critical systems like satellites, communication networks, and power grids.

Investigating Climate Connections

The Sun’s emissions play a vital role in Earth’s climate dynamics. Aditya L1’s research into the connection between solar activity and climate variations will contribute to our understanding of long-term climate change and aid in refining climate models.

Indigenous Technological Advancements

The development and execution of the Aditya L1 mission demonstrate India’s growing expertise in space technology. The successful implementation of indigenous payloads and the spacecraft’s complex orbit insertion highlight ISRO’s capabilities and pave the way for future ambitious space missions.

Tentative date of the launch and Live Telecast

According to an ISRO official, the launch of Aditya L1 mission is tentatively scheduled for September 2. It is not yet clear whether ISRO will live telecast the launch of Aditya L1. However, ISRO has been known to live telecast its launches in the past. We can expect more information on this as we get closer to the launch date.

Project Head

The Aditya L1 mission is being led by Sankarasubramanian K, who was named Principal Scientist of the project in October 2022. The spacecraft was realized at the U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), Bengaluru and has arrived at SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota. The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) and the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune are also involved in the mission. IIA will help in the development of the ‘Visible Emission Line Coronagraph payload’ while the Pune-based institution will develop the Solar Ultraviolet Imager payload for the mission.

Earlier, speaking to ANI, ISRO chairman S.Somanth said that the country’s maiden mission to study the sun will be ready for launch in the first week of September. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday announced that August 23 will be celebrated as ‘National Space Day’ to mark Chandrayaan-3’s landing on the moon.

The Aditya L1 mission represents a significant leap forward in India’s space exploration endeavors. By studying the Sun’s atmosphere and unraveling its mysteries, this pioneering mission will advance our understanding of stellar dynamics, improve space weather forecasting, and shed light on the Sun’s influence on Earth’s climate. With its state-of-the-art payloads and cutting-edge technology, Aditya L1 is poised to make groundbreaking discoveries and solidify India’s position in the realm of space science. As we embark on this remarkable journey, we eagerly await the wealth of knowledge and scientific insights that Aditya L1 will bring us.

PM Modi names Chandrayaan-3 landing point as ‘Shiv Shakti Point’

Vanshika Lodhi — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 13:48:00 +0000

Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently visited the ISRO Telemetry Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) in Bengaluru to congratulate the scientists behind the historic Chandrayaan-3 Moon mission. The Prime Minister was received by ISRO chief S.Somanath and other scientists, and he praised their achievement as one of the most inspiring moments of this era. He also stated that the entire world now recognizes India’s strength in the field of science and technology.

After attending the BRICS summit in South Africa and making a maiden visit to Greece, PM Modi arrived in Bengaluru to greet the scientists. Shortly after landing, he addressed a gathering before departing for ISTRAC. In his speech, he began with the slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan, Jai Vigyan, Jai Anusandhan” and expressed his enthusiasm for science. He also mentioned that he had decided to visit Bengaluru on his return to India to pay tribute to the scientists behind the success of Chandrayaan-3.

Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah, Governor Thawarchand Gehlot, and Deputy Chief Minister DK Shivakumar were not present with the Prime Minister on stage. PM Modi explained that he had requested the Karnataka leaders not to go through the trouble of waking up very early in the morning to receive him, as he did not know when he would arrive in Bengaluru.

Earlier in the day, PM Modi had described the ISRO scientists responsible for Chandrayaan-3’s success as “exceptional” and expressed his eagerness to interact with them. He wrote on social media ahead of his visit that he was looking forward to meeting with the ISRO scientists who had made India proud with their success.

On Wednesday, PM Modi virtually witnessed the successful lunar touchdown of the Chandrayaan-3 lander from Johannesburg, where he was attending the BRICS summit. During his visit to ISRO Telemetry Tracking & Command Network Mission Control Complex in Bengaluru, PM Modi highlighted the key role played by women scientists in Chandrayaan-3 and stated that this “Shivkshakti” point would inspire future generations to use science for the welfare of people.

The Chandrayaan-3 mission is a significant achievement for India and its space program. It is a testament to the dedication and passion of ISRO’s scientists, who have worked tirelessly to make this mission a success. The Prime Minister’s visit to ISTRAC and his words of praise and encouragement are a fitting recognition of their efforts.

Pragyan Rover successfully rolls out of Vikram Lander: ISRO

Vanshika Lodhi — Fri, 25 Aug 2023 09:32:15 +0000

ISRO’s Chandrayaan-3 MilestoneThe Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has achieved yet another significant milestone in its mission to explore the moon. Recently, ISRO released the first visuals of the Pragyan rover rolling out of the Vikram Lander onto the lunar surface. These visuals were captured by the Lander Imager camera, showcasing a remarkable achievement for India’s space agency. Confirmation of the successful deployment of the rover came on August 24 when ISRO announced that the Pragyan rover had rolled out onto the lunar surface. The released visuals now substantiate this claim, showcasing the progress made by ISRO in its latest moon mission. In these latest developments, the rover will play a crucial role in collecting vital data for the Indian space agency. Its mission is to roam the lunar surface, gathering valuable information that will enhance our understanding of the moon’s composition and structure. The data collected by the rover will be instrumental in expanding our knowledge of the lunar environment.

… … and here is how the Chandrayaan-3 Rover ramped down from the Lander to the Lunar surface. pic.twitter.com/nEU8s1At0W

— ISRO (@isro) August 25, 2023

The successful landing of the Vikram lander on the moon was a significant moment in itself. Achieving a soft landing on the moon’s south pole made India the first country to reach this unexplored region. This pioneering feat was accomplished on Wednesday, around 6 PM IST, following years of dedicated planning and hard work by ISRO. The successful touchdown of the Chandrayaan-3 mission holds even more importance considering recent failures by other nations. Just days prior to India’s achievement, a Russian lander crashed in the same region, highlighting the challenges and risks involved in lunar exploration.

India’s previous lunar mission faced a setback four years ago when the lander failed during its final descent. ISRO’s ability to bounce back from that setback and achieve this milestone further highlights the agency’s resilience and determination. The Pragyan rover and the Vikram lander were designed to operate for approximately two weeks, equivalent to one lunar daylight period. However, ISRO remains hopeful that these machines may exceed expectations and continue to function for another lunar day. This extended operation would significantly enhance the amount of data collected and contribute even more to our understanding of the moon. Specifically, the rover will utilize its Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) payloads to study the surface of the moon. These instruments will analyze the chemical composition of the lunar surface and derive important mineralogical information. This data will greatly contribute to our understanding of the moon’s geological characteristics, leading to further scientific advancements.

The successful deployment of the Pragyan rover is an incredible step forward in ISRO’s mission to explore the moon. The agency’s dedication and hard work have once again borne fruit, proving India’s capabilities in the field of space exploration. As the rover continues its exploration of the lunar surface, we eagerly await the valuable scientific insights it will provide, further enhancing our knowledge of Earth’s celestial neighbor.

Chandrayaan-3: ISRO’s cost-effective lunar mission achieves remarkable success

Vanshika Lodhi — Fri, 25 Aug 2023 03:55:05 +0000

The Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) recent lunar mission, Chandrayaan-3, has successfully garnered global attention for its impressive cost-efficiency and remarkable achievements. Launched from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, in July 2023, the mission achieved a soft landing on the Moon’s south pole on August 23, making India the fourth nation worldwide to accomplish this feat. With a budget of only Rs. 615 crores (75 million USD), Chandrayaan-3 proved to be significantly more cost-effective than many Hollywood movies and previous ISRO missions.

Cost-Effective Success
1. Budgetary Achievement:
– Chandrayaan-3’s budget of Rs. 615 crores (75 million USD) was a fraction of the budget allotted to many Hollywood movies, showcasing ISRO’s remarkable cost-management skills.
– In comparison, the previous ISRO lunar mission, Chandrayaan-2, had a budget of Rs. 978 crores (142 million USD), making Chandrayaan- 3 a significant cost-saving endeavor.
– The minimal budget of Chandrayaan-3 is especially noteworthy when compared to the extravagant sums spent on Indian movies such as Adipurush, RRR, 2.0, and Ponniyin Selvan, where producers have invested upwards of Rs. 400 crores.

Achievements
2. Successful Lunar Landing:
– Chandrayaan-3 achieved a soft landing on the Moon’s south pole, showcasing ISRO’s technical prowess and commitment to lunar exploration.
– Vikram, the lander, and Pragyan, the rover, were expected to remain active for a lunar day, equivalent to 14 Earth days, enabling extensive scientific research.

Global Inspiration
3. Worldwide Recognition and Applause:
– ISRO’s achievement with Chandrayaan-3 has drawn widespread attention, admiration, and motivation from nations worldwide, who applaud the agency for successfully minimizing the mission’s overall budget.
– Despite the setback faced during Chandrayaan-2, where a software glitch affected communication and led to mission failure, ISRO’s dedication and perseverance have inspired many countries to explore space exploration opportunities within limited budgets.

ISRO’s resounding success with Chandrayaan-3 exemplifies their ability to accomplish awe-inspiring feats at a fraction of the cost incurred by many Hollywood movies. The mission’s soft landing on the Moon’s south pole and the operational excellence of Vikram and Pragyan highlight India’s unwavering commitment to scientific advancement and space exploration. Chandrayaan-3 will undoubtedly be remembered as a shining example of efficient resource utilization, driving future space missions to strive for greater achievements while keeping costs in check.

Former ISRO Chief K Sivan congratulates on Chandrayaan-3’s successful landing on the Moon

Dixita Hazarika — Thu, 24 Aug 2023 06:33:00 +0000

Former ISRO chief, K Sivan congratulated for the successful landing of Chandrayaan-3 on the moon. He said, “We are really excited…We have been waiting for this moment for a long time. I am very happy,”

The former ISRO chief also added that the government was with them supporting the mission.

While speaking to ANI, K Sivan said that the science data of Chandrayaan-3 was not only for India, but for global scientists. The data would be used by the scientists globally and new things would be covered from that data and that would be for the global interest.

Today, India has created history with the land of Chandrayaan-3 as it became the first country to successfully soft land on the South pole of the moon and the fourth country, after Russia, U.S and China to land on the moon.

After the successful landing, ISRO shared a tweet which read, ” I reached my destination and you too! Chandrayaan-3 has successfully soft-landed on the moon. ”

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who joined this historic moment through a video link, after the landing said, ” India at Moon. Chanda Mama abb nhi dur ke.” in Hindi. He also said, “When we see such historic moments it makes us very proud. This is the dawn of new India.”

Here’s how Chandrayaan-3 will leave imprints of ISRO & national emblem on the Moon

Vanshika Lodhi — Thu, 24 Aug 2023 06:27:09 +0000

India’s Chandrayaan-3 has successfully soft-landed on the on the southern part of lunar surface, as the Pragyan lunar rover will leave imprints of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and India’s national emblem, the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. Students across the country are demonstrating their support through music, art, and exhibitions, showcasing the nation’s unity in backing scientific progress. The significance of the Pragyan lunar rover goes beyond its scientific objectives, as it serves as a symbol of India’s mark on the moon’s surface. The ISRO has released a video providing a glimpse of the embossed imprints on the rover.

As India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission has successfully completed, the importance of the Pragyan lunar rover becomes increasingly evident. Not only will it leave behind tangible imprints of the ISRO and India’s national emblem, but it will also stand as a symbol of unity and pride for the nation. This impending landing has generated a wave of support from students across the country, who are expressing their enthusiasm through various creative endeavors. Through music, art, and exhibitions, students are showcasing their unwavering support for scientific progress, highlighting India’s remarkable achievements in space exploration, and emphasizing the significance of pushing boundaries in pursuit of knowledge. Their talents and passions reinforce the idea that scientific advancements are not limited to a select few, but require the collective effort and enthusiasm of the entire nation. The Pragyan lunar rover, in addition to its scientific objectives, holds a symbolic role in solidifying India’s presence on the moon’s surface.

The embossed imprints left by its rear wheels symbolize India’s indelible contributions to the realm of space exploration. They are a visual representation of India’s determination to leave a lasting impact not only on Earth, but also in the vastness of space.To engage the public further and provide insight into the significance of these imprints, the ISRO has released a video showcasing the notable features of the rover. Similar to the visual representation presented during the Chandrayaan-2 mission, this video offers viewers a sneak peek into the journey and endeavors of the rover once it lands on the lunar surface. Through these captivating visuals, the ISRO aims to inspire and educate individuals about the magnitude of India’s space missions and their profound impact on scientific progress.

With each mission, India’s space exploration efforts are reaching new heights, both literally and figuratively. The anticipation surrounding the landing of Chandrayaan-3 is a testament to the nation’s growing prowess in the field of space research. As the mission unfolds, the imprints left by Pragyan will serve as a constant reminder of India’s commitment to scientific exploration and the enduring spirit of its people.

Companies behind the historic touchdown of Chandrayaan 3

Kashvi Basu — Thu, 24 Aug 2023 04:36:05 +0000

After a total of 40 days ,India finally set foot on the unchartered South Pole on Wednesday i.e 23rd August . Thus terming the Indian Space Research Organisation’s (Isro) Chandrayaan-3 mission as a raging success after a soft landing on the lunar surface.

India proudly became the fourth country to achieve the historic feat which can be counted as a giant leap for the country and its economy. The companies that were behind the making of the Chandrayaan include Larsen & Toubro, Mishra Dhatu Nigam, Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL), Hindustan Aeronautics, Walchandnagar Industries, and MTAR Technologies. These are expected to see a high surge in the shares owing to the success of the mission. L&T’s involvement in the LVM3 M4 Chandrayaan mission includes manufacturing and testing of the critical booster segments like the head end and the middle segment as well as the nozzle bucket flange .While BHEL’s contribution lies in providing the batteries which were used in Chandrayaan-3, and their Welding Research Institute (WRI) were essential in manufacturing and supplying bi-metallic adaptors for the mission’s cryogenic stage. Tata Elxsi Ltd. was instrumental in the Development Of Spacecraft, Avionics And Software and Tata Advance System helped in the manufacturing of Chandrayan 3’s Lander. Hindustan Aeronautics’ role extended to components supply for National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) and avid participation in the HAL-L&T consortium’s mission to build Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rockets. MTAR Technologies’ establishment at Balanagar was the key source in manufacturing the most important parts for Chandrayaan-3, contributing to the mission’s success.

The involvement and thorough participation of these companies in Chandrayaan-3 highlights the collaborative efforts that served as a fuel in propelling India’s achievements in space exploration to a noteworthy milestone. “This will establish India as a cost-effective satellite launcher and a global opportunity may emerge. Sectors like aerospace and defence will get a boost,” told Mukesh Kochar, National Head – Wealth Management, AUM Capital.

Chandrayaan-3 Vikram Lander historic moon landing: Where and when to watch live streaming

Vanshika Lodhi — Wed, 23 Aug 2023 10:18:33 +0000

Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander is set to make a historic landing on the moon’s surface this evening, and for those eager to witness this momentous event, here’s where and when you can catch the live streaming. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will be broadcasting the landing operations on their official website, as well as on popular platforms such as YouTube and various social media channels. DD National TV will also provide a live telecast of the event. The highly anticipated live coverage will begin on August 23 at 5:20 pm (IST). Although the action of the landing itself will commence slightly later, at 5:27 pm (IST), viewers will have a chance to witness the entire process leading up to this critical moment. The module named after Vikram Sarabhai has successfully separated from the engine module and is now moving towards a lower orbit. It is ready to land smoothly at around 6:04am IST.

Click the video below to watch live telecast of Chandrayaan-3

To add to the excitement, video clips and photos captured by cameras aboard the spacecraft will be made available for the public to view even before the landing takes place. Chandrayaan-3, the third lunar exploration mission launched by ISRO, aims to further expand our understanding of the Moon’s surface, composition, and atmosphere. The Vikram lander plays a vital role in this mission, as it carries payloads and instruments designed to conduct experiments and collect valuable data. By providing live streaming of the landing, ISRO is allowing people from all around the world to be a part of this historic event. It not only promotes transparency but also encourages public engagement and interest in space exploration. With the advancements in technology, individuals can tune in from the comfort of their own homes and witness this significant milestone in India’s space journey.

The ISRO website, YouTube, DD National TV, and various social media platforms will serve as the primary sources for the live telecast. This wide array of options ensures that viewers can choose their preferred platform based on accessibility and convenience. Whether it’s through their computers, smartphones, or televisions, people everywhere will have the opportunity to witness the Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander’s exciting venture. As we eagerly await the landing, it’s worth acknowledging the tremendous efforts of the scientists and engineers who have diligently worked towards making this mission a reality. Their expertise and dedication have propelled India’s space program forward, placing it on the global stage with other renowned space agencies.

So mark your calendars for August 23 and prepare to be captivated by the live streaming of Chandrayaan-3’s Vikram lander’s anticipated landing. Don’t miss the chance to witness history being made on the moon’s surface. Tune in to the ISRO website, YouTube, DD National TV, or your preferred social media platform to be a part of this extraordinary event. And remember, you can also explore the captivating video clips and photos captured by the spacecraft’s cameras leading up to the landing.

Chandrayaan-3 landing to be live telecasted at all UP government schools

Adesh Dixit — Tue, 22 Aug 2023 14:10:43 +0000

All state-run schools in Uttar Pradesh will show live coverage of Chandrayaan-3’s landing. The institutions would be open exclusively for viewing on Wednesday evening, said Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath.

The Chandrayaan-3 lunar landing process will be broadcast live on the ISRO website, YouTube channel, and DD National on August 23 at 5:27 PM. The UP government noted that in this case, special meetings should be scheduled in schools and other educational facilities from 5:15 to 6:15 pm in order to make arrangements for live telecast.

On August 23 at 6:04 p.m. IST, the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft is scheduled to make a soft landing. Although officials stated that the mission remained on schedule, there is a chance that the touchdown would be delayed to August 27 in the event that the lander module’s health metrics are discovered to be “abnormal”.

On July 14, the well watched lunar south pole expedition departed from the Satish Dhawan Space Center. Chandrayaan-3’s declared goals include a secure and soft landing, lunar rover wandering, and in-situ scientific research.

“On August 23, the lander will attempt to touch down on the surface of the Moon from a height of 30 km, traveling at a speed of 1.68 kilometers per second. Our attention will be on lowering that speed because the gravitational pull of the moon will also be a factor. Director of the ISRO Space Applications Centre Nilesh Desai told PTI: “There may be chances of a crash landing if we do not control that speed.

Back on Earth, meanwhile, prayers and celebrations in anticipation have taken control. On Tuesday, religious services were held in a number of cities to pray for the mission’s success. Both public and private organizations are organizing watch parties.

In September 2019, Chandrayaan-2’s lunar phase mission ended in failure when its lander collided with the Moon’s surface as a result of braking system abnormalities while attempting a touch down. If the mission is successful, India will join the United States, Russia, and China as the fourth nation in the world to accomplish this accomplishment. However, no other country has ever set foot on the lunar south pole.

Chandrayaan-3 live telecast available on multiple platforms

Vanshika Lodhi — Tue, 22 Aug 2023 11:10:08 +0000

Chandrayaan-3, the Indian spacecraft, has made significant progress in its mission to soft-land on the lunar surface. According to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the lander module successfully reduced its orbit on Sunday, bringing it closer to the moon. Launched on July 14, the lander module separated from the propulsion module 35 days later, marking a successful milestone in the mission.The key objectives of Chandrayaan-3 include demonstrating a safe and soft landing on the moon, showcasing rover roving capabilities, and conducting in-situ scientific experiments. To achieve these goals, the ISRO has equipped the lander with advanced technologies, including the Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC) and the Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera (LHDAC). The LPDC captures images of the moon to help the lander determine its position, while the LHDAC assists in locating a suitable landing area during the descent.In the latest update provided by ISRO, the mission is reported to be on schedule, with regular checks being conducted on the systems.

The Mission Operations Complex at ISRO is said to be filled with energy and excitement as the Chandrayaan-3 soft landing approaches. This development gains further significance after Russia’s Luna-25 mission failed, making all eyes turn to India for a successful lunar landing on August 23, 2023, at approximately 18:04 IST.ISRO has also announced that the live telecast of the landing operations at the Mission Operations Complex will commence at 17:20 IST on Wednesday. Viewers can witness the landing action through the ISRO website, its YouTube channel, Facebook, and the public broadcaster DD National TV from 17:27 IST on August 23, 2023.

Chandrayaan-3 Mission:
The mission is on schedule.
Systems are undergoing regular checks.
Smooth sailing is continuing.

The Mission Operations Complex (MOX) is buzzed with energy & excitement!

The live telecast of the landing operations at MOX/ISTRAC begins at 17:20 Hrs. IST… pic.twitter.com/Ucfg9HAvrY

— ISRO (@isro) August 22, 2023

Chandrayaan-3 aims to build upon the achievements of its predecessor, Chandrayaan-2, by demonstrating end-to-end capabilities in safe landing and roving on the lunar surface. The mission holds great promise for the Indian space program and will contribute to advancing our understanding of the moon through scientific experiments and exploration. As the countdown to the momentous landing continues, the anticipation and curiosity surrounding Chandrayaan-3 grow. The entire nation eagerly awaits this landmark achievement in India’s space exploration endeavors.

Conditions to be analysed 2 hours before Chandrayaan-3 landing: Director of Space Applications

Adesh Dixit — Mon, 21 Aug 2023 15:12:33 +0000

On Chandrayaan-3’s Moon landing, Nilesh M. Desai, Director, Space Applications Center-ISRO, Ahmedabad said, We will decide on August 23 whether or not it will be appropriate to land Chandrayaan-3 on the Moon at that time based on the state of the lander module and the lunar environment. We will land the module on the Moon on August 27 if any unfavourable circumstances arise. We will be able to land the module on August 23 without any issues.

A two-way contact between the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and the lander module of Chandrayaan-3 has been established, according to ISRO on Monday.

On July 14, Chandrayaan-3 was launched from Sriharikota’s Satish Dhawan Space Center.

Welcome, friend! Ch-3 LM was officially welcomed by Ch-2 orbiter. There is established two-way contact between the two. The space agency announced this in a post on X (formerly Twitter), saying that MOX now has more ways to access the LM.

According to information released by ISRO on Sunday, Chandrayaan-3, India’s third lunar mission, is scheduled to land its lander module on the moon’s surface on August 23 at 6:04 p.m.

On Wednesday, August 23, around 5:20 p.m., the landing event will begin to air live on television.

The ISRO said on X (formerly Twitter) that “the soft landing of Chandrayaan-3 is a monumental moment that not only fuels curiosity but also sparks a passion for exploration within the minds of our youth.”

Chandrayaan-3 inches closer to the Moon’s surface as countdown begins

Adesh Dixit — Mon, 21 Aug 2023 14:52:27 +0000

Indian spacecraft has gotten closer to the Moon and is on track to make a soft landing on Wednesday, August 23, on the lunar surface. On Sunday, the Lander Module (LM) of the Chandrayaan-3 project was successfully lowered in orbit, according to the ISRO. Chandrayaan-3, which was launched on July 14th, successfully separated its lander module from its propulsion module on Thursday, 35 days after the mission’s initial launch.

The goals of Chandrayaan-3’s mission are to show a soft and safe lunar surface landing, lunar rover wandering, and in-situ scientific experimentation.

The moon lander has started a detailed scanning of the spot for landing on the lunar surface in the south pole. The scientists are awaiting for the complex manure process that is expected to take place on August 23.

On Monday, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) sent an update on Chandrayaan-3’s journey to the south pole of the Moon on the microblogging website ‘X,’ formerly known as Twitter. According to ISRO, the Lander Vikram, which has been orbiting the moon since August 5th, has now made contact with the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter.

Chandrarayan-3 Mission: ‘Welcome, friend!’ Ch-3 LM was officially welcomed by Ch-2 orbiter. There is established two-way contact between the two. There are now more ways for MOX to get to the LM. The ISRO statement on X stated, “Update: Live telecast of Landing event begins at 17:20 Hrs. IST.”

Dr. S. Somnath, the chairman of ISRO and secretary of the Department of Space, met with Dr. Jitendra Singh, the Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, the MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances, Pensions, Atomic Energy, and Space, today in New Delhi to inform him of Chandrayaan-3’s readiness for the moon landing scheduled for August 23, 2023, in the evening.

The Minister was updated by the Chairman of ISRO on the condition of Chandrayaan-3, who stated that all systems are operating without a hitch and that no problems are anticipated for Wednesday. The condition of Chandrayaan-3 will be closely watched throughout the course of the following two days. According to him, the final landing sequence will be loaded two days beforehand and tested.

Russia’s Luna 25 crashes into the moon confirms space agency

Adesh Dixit — Sun, 20 Aug 2023 09:46:22 +0000

The space agency Roscosmos reported on Sunday that Russia’s Luna-25 spacecraft, which was launched with the intention of making a gentle landing on the South Pole of the moon, has collided with the lunar surface. According to the Russian Space Agency, the propulsion maneuver’s divergence between actual and calculated parameters caused Luna-25 to enter an unexpected orbit and crash on the lunar surface.

“On August 19, an impulse was given to establish its pre-landing elliptical orbit in accordance with the Luna-25 mission plans. The Luna-25 apparatus’s communication was cut off around 14:57 Moscow time. The efforts made on August 19 and 20 to locate the object and make contact with it were unsuccessful, Roscosmos State Space Corporation reported on its official Telegram channel.

A few hours after the Russian space agency had noted some “abnormal circumstances” with Luna-25, there was a crash. According to Roscosmos, the spacecraft ran into an unidentified problem while attempting to reach a pre-landing orbit. The precise nature of the issue is still unknown, and the agency’s experts are actively investigating and assessing the circumstance.

Roscosmos stated in a Telegram post that “during the operation, an abnormal situation occurred on board the automatic station, which did not allow the maneuver to be performed with the specified parameters.”

Chandrayaan 3 Vikram Lander slows down as key manoeuvre becomes successful

Sidharth Badlani — Fri, 18 Aug 2023 11:50:45 +0000

With its ambitious Chandrayaan-3 mission carrying out a crucial manoeuvre in advance of its landing on the Moon’s surface next Wednesday, India took another step towards realising its lunar ambitions today.

First “deboosting operation” was performed on the Vikram Lander of the spacecraft, which caused it to slow down and enter an elliptical orbit around the Moon.

The Lander Module (LM) is in good health, according to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and the essential movement was accomplished.

“The Lander Module (LM) health is normal. LM successfully underwent a deboosting operation that reduced its orbit to 113 km x 157 km. The second deboosting operation is scheduled for August 20, 2023, around 0200 Hrs. IST,” the ISRO said on X, formerly Twitter.

In the event that India makes a successful landing on the moon, it will be the fourth nation to do it.

Videos taken by Chandrayaan 3’s Vikram Lander were released by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Friday. The Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC), which was connected to the propulsion module on August 15, captured one of the movies that clearly shows the Moon’s craters. Another film shows Earth, albeit in a scaled-down form, and was shot by the Lander Imager (LI) Camera-1.

Akshay Kumar, Anupam Kher, Suniel Shetty and others wish ISRO scientists on the launch of Chandrayaan 3

Shukrta Vaigankar — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 12:43:55 +0000

On Friday (July 14), the Indian Space Research Organisation launched Chandrayaan 3 on the heavy lift LVM3-M4 rocket from Sriharikota. Several Bollywood celebs, including Akshay Kumar, Anupam Kher, and Suniel Shetty, expressed their support and congratulations on Twitter.

Akshay wished luck to the scientists of ISRO. He tweeted, “And the time has come to rise! Great luck to all our scientists at @isro for #Chandrayaan3. A billion hearts are praying for you.”

On the other hand, South superstar Mahesh Babu tweeted, “Onward to greater horizons! Thrilled to witness another momentous launch! Congratulations & all the best to the brilliant team at ISRO for the launch of #Chandrayaan3 today! Proud of you all.”

And the time has come to rise! Great luck to all our scientists at @isro for #Chandrayaan3. A billion hearts are praying for you. 🙏 https://t.co/Lbcp1ayRwQ

— Akshay Kumar (@akshaykumar) July 14, 2023

Onward to greater horizons! Thrilled to witness another momentous launch! Congratulations & all the best to the brilliant team at ISRO for the launch of #Chandrayaan3 today! Proud of you all! 👍👍

— Mahesh Babu (@urstrulyMahesh) July 14, 2023

India all set for its 3rd mission on the moon. Wishing our scientists at #ISRO all the very best for the launch of #Chandrayaan3 . झंडा ऊँचा रहे हमारा. जय हिन्द! 🇮🇳 @isro #Chandrayaan3 #IndiaontheMoon #ProudIndian #WorldwatchingIndia #SurgingIndia pic.twitter.com/AHSi8wZj2T

— Anupam Kher (@AnupamPKher) July 14, 2023

Excitement levels reaching the MOON! 🌕 Sending my virtual cheers to #Chandrayaan3 for its upcoming mission! 🎉 Can't wait to witness India's tech prowess soar to new heights! 🇮🇳 May the journey be smooth, discoveries be mind-blowing, and success be astronomical! 🙌 #ProudIndian… pic.twitter.com/2XGFwllv2h

— Suniel Shetty (@SunielVShetty) July 13, 2023

“तेरे आसमाँ पे चंद्रमा जब तक रहे क़ायम
झुकने नहीं देंगे कभी माँ शीश तेरा हम”

वन्दे-भारतम!#isroindia #ISRO #isromissions #chandrayaan3 #india pic.twitter.com/ts4oNtO9Ce

— Manoj Muntashir Shukla (@manojmuntashir) July 14, 2023

Thousands of people who had gathered to see the historic launch celebrated the rocket as it rose into the sky.

Scientists hope to master soft-landing on the lunar surface with the Chandrayaan-3 mission, which is scheduled to launch in late August. If the mission is successful, India will be only the fourth country after the United States, China, and the erstwhile Soviet Union to accomplish the uncommon accomplishment.

Chandrayaan 3 is the successor mission to Chandrayaan 2, which failed to achieve the intended soft landing on the moon’s surface in 2019, disappointing scientists.

Chandrayaan-3: India’s successful lunar mission after Chandrayaan-2 setback

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 10:40:20 +0000

India celebrated a major milestone in space exploration as the Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission successfully launched from Sriharikota at 2:35 PM. This achievement comes four years after its predecessor, Chandrayaan-2, faced an unfortunate setback during its soft landing attempt in September 2019. Chandrayaan-3, a high-profile launch for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), aims to accomplish a challenging feat: a soft landing on the Moon’s surface. With its success, India joins an elite group of nations including the United States, the former Soviet Union, and China. Let’s delve into the reasons behind the Chandrayaan-2 lander failure and explore the complexities of lunar landings.

Chandrayaan-2 encountered a hurdle when the lander lost communication with ground stations at an altitude of 2.1 kilometers from the lunar surface. Soft landings, as described by former ISRO chairman K Sivan, are accompanied by “15 minutes of terror” due to the precision required for the rocket engine to fire. This delicate operation aims to safely lower the lander carrying the rover onto the Moon’s atmosphere-less surface. The absence of an atmosphere complicates the process, contributing to the fact that only 37% of attempted soft landings have succeeded thus far.

Landing on the Moon presents numerous challenges due to its unique conditions. The Moon’s reduced gravity, sparse atmosphere, and abundant dust create difficulties during descent. While the lunar south pole holds promise for its water ice deposits, it also poses hazards like rocks and craters, making it challenging to identify safe landing sites within shadowed and dark areas.

Deep-space communication is another formidable obstacle. The Moon’s distance from Earth, limited on-board resources, and weak radio signals amidst heavy background noise require the use of large antennas to pick up signals. Furthermore, predicting the intersection of the Moon’s orbital path with that of Chandrayaan-3 accurately and in advance is crucial due to the Moon’s continuous motion.

The Moon’s uneven mass distribution and variable gravity add further complexity. Charting the descent trajectory during a soft landing necessitates accounting for these gravitational variations. Additionally, the negatively charged lunar dust presents challenges, as it adheres to surfaces and can disrupt solar panels and sensor performance. Harsh temperature fluctuations also make lunar environments hostile for lander and rover operations.

Despite these formidable challenges, India’s determination and expertise have propelled the Chandrayaan-3 mission to success. By successfully achieving a soft landing, India’s space program has demonstrated its capabilities and resilience in the face of adversity. The mission’s triumph marks a significant step forward in India’s lunar exploration and cements its position as a prominent player in the realm of space exploration.

Mahesh Babu extends heartfelt congratulations to ISRO and team for the successful launch of Chandrayaan-3

Chhavi Jain — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 09:49:51 +0000

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has once again captured the attention of the nation as it embarks on a new space mission, the Chandrayaan-3..ISRO’s upcoming Chandrayaan-3 mission is set to launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, at 2.35 PM IST on Friday, July 14. This mission aims to showcase various capabilities, including reaching the moon’s orbit, executing a soft landing on the lunar surface using a lander and deploying a rover for surface exploration.

Telugu cinema actor Mahesh Babu expressed his congratulations to ISRO and its dedicated team on Twitter for witnessing an inspiring launch. He states,”Onward to greater horizons! Thrilled to witness another momentous launch! Congratulations & all the best to the brilliant team at Isro for the launch of #Chandrayaan3 today! Proud of you all !”

Known for his captivating screen presence and charismatic personality, the Tollywood actor has gained immense popularity. He has graced the silver screen in notable movies like “Spyder,” “Bharat Ane Nenu,” “Pokiri,” “Athadu,” “Businessman,” and many others. His upcoming movie will be Guntur Kaaram which will be released in 2024.

Onward to greater horizons! Thrilled to witness another momentous launch! Congratulations & all the best to the brilliant team at ISRO for the launch of #Chandrayaan3 today! Proud of you all! 👍👍

— Mahesh Babu (@urstrulyMahesh) July 14, 2023

Following the lift-off at 2.35 PM, approximately 16 minutes into the mission, the propulsion module will separate from the rocket. The module will then enter an elliptical orbit around the Earth, completing around 5-6 orbits with the closest point to Earth at 170 km and the farthest point at 36,500 km. From there, the spacecraft will proceed toward the lunar orbit, continuing its journey of exploration and discovery.Chandrayaan-3, the third installment of India’s lunar mission series, aims to build upon the achievements of its predecessors and take India’s space exploration to even greater heights.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: Real-time launch sequence updates of the Lunar Mission

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 09:37:15 +0000

14:37 (IST) 14 JULY 2023 – The LVM3 rocket, carrying the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft, has lifted off from the launchpad in Sriharikota.

14:38 (IST) – The powerful L110 liquid stage has been successfully ignited, propelling the rocket towards its destination.

14:38 (IST) – The S200 solid boosters, which provided initial thrust to the rocket, have separated, indicating the smooth progression of the launch.

14:39 (IST) – The payload fairing, responsible for protecting the spacecraft during its ascent through the Earth’s atmosphere, has separated, revealing the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft as it continues its journey.

14:41 (IST) – The core stage of the rocket has separated from the launch vehicle, paving the way for the CE 25 cryogenic stage to ignite. This critical stage will propel the spacecraft towards the moon with precise control.

14:57 (IST) – The LVM3 successfully injected the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft into its intended orbit around the Earth, marking a significant achievement for India’s space program. The mission is now on its way to conduct crucial research and exploration on the lunar surface.

LVM3 M4/Chandrayaan-3 Mission:
LVM3 M4 vehicle🚀 successfully launched Chandrayaan-3🛰️ into orbit.

— ISRO (@isro) July 14, 2023

As the Chandrayaan-3 mission progresses, scientists and engineers at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will closely monitor its trajectory and performance. The mission represents a significant step in India’s pursuit of lunar exploration and scientific discoveries. Stay tuned for further updates on this momentous journey.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: Chandrayaan-3 mission successfully lifts off, embarks on historic journey to the moon

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 09:22:01 +0000

In a momentous milestone for India’s space exploration, the Chandrayaan-3 mission has launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The historic event took place at precisely 14:35 IST on July 14, marking the beginning of an ambitious mission to reach the Moon. The LVM3 rocket, carrying the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft, lifted off from the launchpad with immense power and determination. At 14:38 IST, the L110 liquid stage of the rocket was ignited, propelling the mission forward into space.

This landmark mission aims to cover the vast distance to the Moon in approximately 40 days. With valuable insights gained from past missions, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is now focused on achieving a successful soft landing on the lunar surface.

The dedicated teams at ISRO, led by mission director S Mohan Kumar, have worked tirelessly to ensure all systems are in place for a seamless launch.

As the LVM3 rocket embarks on its remarkable journey, the nation eagerly awaits updates and milestones achieved during the mission. This is a testament to India’s growing prowess in space exploration and the indomitable spirit of its scientists and engineers.

The Chandrayaan-3 mission serves as a beacon of hope, representing India’s unwavering commitment to pushing the boundaries of scientific knowledge and exploration. With determination and perseverance, ISRO and the Chandrayaan-3 team march forward on this extraordinary quest to unravel the mysteries of the Moon.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: LVM3 ready for launch as Chandrayaan-3 enters auto launch mode

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 09:19:31 +0000

14:19 (IST)

14 JULY 2023

The mission director, S Mohan Kumar, has given the green light for the launch of the LVM3 spacecraft, confirming that all necessary clearances have been obtained. With authorization granted, the automatic launch sequence is now scheduled to commence. The LVM3, a powerful three-stage rocket, is poised for liftoff at 2:35 pm. The initial stage, fueled by solid propellant, will ignite followed by the activation of the second stage featuring the L110 engines approximately 108 seconds after takeoff. The third stage, known as the cryogenic stage, will come to life after 307.96 seconds of flight and propel the rocket for approximately 10 minutes, facilitating its journey into space and placing it in a geotransfer orbit around the Earth. The cryogenic stage employs an indigenously developed C25 cryogenic engine, powered by a combination of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. This stage will provide the rocket with a maximum thrust of 10.242 km/sec. With the weather conditions and technical aspects in favorable alignment, the Chandrayaan-3 mission has now entered auto launch mode, poised to initiate at 2:35 pm.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: ISRO chairman arrives at mission control as Chandrayaan-3 launch countdown begins

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 08:59:04 +0000

14:16 (IST)

14 JULY 2023

As the Chandrayaan-3 mission approaches its launch, the Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), S Somanath, has arrived at the mission control center. With scientists conducting final checks on the rocket, the countdown is underway for the scheduled launch time of 14:35:17 (2.35 PM IST). Leading the mission as the director is S Mohana Kumar, a senior scientist from the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre. Kumar brings valuable experience from his previous role as the director for the successful commercial launch of the One Web India 2 satellites on board the LVM3-M3 mission. Excitement builds as the team prepares for this significant endeavor in India’s space exploration.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: What is this lunar mission carrying?

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 08:24:01 +0000

The upcoming Chandrayaan-3 mission, set to launch soon, carries a spacecraft consisting of three modules: the lander module, the propulsion module, and the rover module. The propulsion module is responsible for transporting the spacecraft from an injection orbit around Earth to a lunar orbit situated 100 kilometers above the Moon’s surface. In addition to its transportation role, the spacecraft will also house a payload that will enable spectral and polarimetric measurements of Earth from its lunar orbit.

The primary objective of the lander module is to make a successful landing on the lunar surface. Once landed, it will release the rover module, which is designed to traverse short distances on the Moon. Both the lander and the rover modules will carry various scientific payloads, contributing to the mission’s exploration and research goals.

With these modules and their respective functionalities, the Chandrayaan-3 mission aims to further expand our understanding of the Moon and conduct important scientific experiments in its unique lunar environment. As the launch date approaches, excitement builds for this significant endeavor in India’s space exploration journey.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: Propellant loading underway as ISRO prepares for lunar mission

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 08:23:23 +0000

13:19 (IST)

14 JULY 2023

A significant milestone has been achieved in the preparations for the Chandrayaan-3 launch as the propellant loading for the liquid second stage of the LVM 3 rocket has been completed. Currently, the focus is on the final stages of loading propellant into the cryogenic stage, which is nearing completion. This development signifies a major step forward in ISRO’s meticulous planning and execution, bringing India’s second attempt to softly land on the Moon closer to reality.

09:43 (IST)

14 JULY 2023

As India’s much-anticipated Chandrayaan-3 mission edges closer to its scheduled launch, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has reached a crucial milestone with the ongoing loading of propellants into the launch vehicle.

ISRO has announced that the propellant loading process for the liquid L110 stage has been successfully completed. At present, the focus has shifted to loading propellants into the cryogenic C25 stage of the LVM3 (Launch Vehicle Mark-III) rocket, marking significant progress in the preparations for the lunar mission.

The propellant loading phase plays a vital role in ensuring the smooth functioning and optimal performance of the launch vehicle during the mission. The precise handling and injection of propellants are critical to achieve the required thrust and trajectory necessary for Chandrayaan-3 to embark on its journey towards the Moon.

With propellant loading now underway, ISRO continues to demonstrate its commitment to meticulous planning and execution, leaving no room for error. The successful completion of this phase brings the mission one step closer to the highly anticipated launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota.

LVM3 M4/Chandrayaan-3 Mission:
The countdown is progressing at SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota.

Propellant filling in the L110 stage is completed.
Propellant filling in the C25 stage is commencing.

— ISRO (@isro) July 14, 2023

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: India’s second attempt to soft land on the moon commences

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 08:23:16 +0000

The countdown is underway as the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) prepares for the launch of the Chandrayaan-3 mission, marking India’s second attempt to achieve a successful soft landing on the Moon. Scheduled to take off from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota at 2.35 PM today, this mission holds the potential to position India among the elite group of nations that have accomplished this remarkable feat—namely, the United States, the erstwhile Soviet Union, and China.

While the United States and the Soviet Union faced setbacks with numerous spacecraft crashes before achieving a successful lunar landing, China emerged as the first nation to accomplish a soft landing on its inaugural attempt with the Chang’e-3 mission in 2013. Now, if ISRO triumphs with the Chandrayaan-3 mission, it will mark a significant milestone for India’s space exploration endeavors.

The Chandrayaan-3 mission serves as a follow-on to the Chandrayaan-2 mission, with similar scientific objectives. ISRO’s animation released during Chandrayaan-2 provides a useful reference for what to expect from today’s launch. As with its predecessor, the primary launch vehicle for Chandrayaan-3 is the Launch Vehicle Mark-III (LVM-III), previously known as GSLV-III (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark-III).

The initial launch phase will be powered by two S2000 rocket boosters, generating the necessary thrust for takeoff. After approximately two minutes, the solid boosters will detach, and the L110 liquid stage will take over. Around five minutes into the launch, the liquid stage will separate, paving the way for the CE25 cryogenic stage to propel the spacecraft forward. Finally, at approximately 16 minutes into the mission, the rocket will separate from the Chandrayaan spacecraft, allowing it to continue its journey in orbit around the Earth.

The successful execution of the Chandrayaan-3 mission would not only mark a significant achievement for India’s space program but also place the country on the global stage as a formidable force in lunar exploration. As the launch proceeds, all eyes are on ISRO, eagerly awaiting updates on the mission’s progress and the potential for India’s presence to expand beyond Earth’s atmosphere.

Chandrayaan-3 live updates: Challenges, timeline, and cost analysis

Viditha Ganji — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 08:23:08 +0000

12:33 (IST)

14 JUL 2023

As India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission takes flight, questions arise regarding the duration of its journey, the complexities of landing on the Moon, and the budgetary implications. Following the unfortunate end of the Chandrayaan-2 mission in 2019, which saw the Vikram lander crash into the lunar surface, the upcoming mission aims to overcome past setbacks and achieve a successful soft landing in the South Pole region of the Moon, with an expected arrival around August 23 or August 24.

The Moon, located approximately 384,400 kilometers away from Earth, presents numerous challenges for successful lunar missions. Unlike the low-Earth orbit, reaching the Moon demands considerably greater effort due to the vast distance involved. Moreover, the Moon’s extremely thin atmosphere eliminates the possibility of relying on atmospheric drag to decelerate spacecraft before landing. This necessitates the utilization of propulsion systems for descent, consuming additional fuel and requiring sophisticated landing computation systems.

The final approach, just a few kilometers above the lunar surface, proves critical. Flight computers must rapidly calculate and execute precise maneuvers to ensure a safe landing. Complicating matters further, the absence of a GPS system on the Moon poses difficulties in accurately targeting the pre-selected landing site.

Turning to the financial aspect, the projected cost of the Chandrayaan-3 mission was estimated at over Rs 615 crore, as disclosed by former ISRO Chairman K Sivan in 2020. Sivan provided a breakdown, revealing that the lander, rover, and propulsion module accounted for Rs 250 crore, while launch services amounted to Rs 365 crore.

However, it is worth noting that this figure was provided prior to the pandemic’s onset and before the mission experienced significant delays, pushing the launch from the original 2021 timeline to the current launch date in 2023. Consequently, there is a valid concern that the mission’s budget may have experienced substantial inflation over this extended period.

As Chandrayaan-3 embarks on its journey, India awaits eagerly, hoping for a triumphant outcome that will place the nation among a select few that have successfully conducted a soft landing on the Moon. While challenges persist, ISRO remains committed to overcoming obstacles and forging new frontiers in space exploration.

Chandrayaan 3 Launch Countdown Live updates: India prepares for lunar mission

Viditha Ganji — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 17:16:33 +0000

As the highly anticipated launch of India’s lunar exploration mission, Chandrayaan-3, draws closer, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has commenced the launch countdown. On July 13, 2023, the countdown began at 2:35 pm IST, setting the stage for the historic event scheduled to take place on July 14, 2023. Follow this article for live updates on the Chandrayaan-3 launch countdown.

The Launch Vehicle Mark III, designed by ISRO, will be responsible for deploying the integrated module of Chandrayaan-3 into an elliptical parking orbit. This orbit will have dimensions of 170 x 36,500 square kilometers, providing the necessary trajectory for the spacecraft’s journey towards the Moon.

Excitement builds as the launch date approaches. Chandrayaan-3 is slated to lift off on Friday, July 14, 2023, at 2:35 pm IST. Those eager to witness this significant event can watch the live coverage on the official YouTube channel of ISRO. The organization is dedicated to bringing the awe-inspiring moments of the mission to viewers around the world.

Chandrayaan-3 is ISRO’s third lunar exploration mission, following the successful Chandrayaan-2. This upcoming mission aims to build upon the achievements of its predecessor while addressing the challenges faced during the Chandrayaan-2 landing. With the countdown underway, Chandrayaan-3 prepares to embark on its journey to unlock new discoveries and expand our understanding of the Moon.

Stay tuned for more updates and highlights as the Chandrayaan-3 launch countdown progresses. This groundbreaking mission exemplifies India’s commitment to space exploration and its quest for scientific advancements. The world watches with anticipation as ISRO propels Chandrayaan-3 into space, ushering in a new chapter in India’s space exploration endeavors.

Chandrayaan 3: ISRO’s next lunar mission sets sail to avoid previous mishaps

Viditha Ganji — Wed, 12 Jul 2023 17:46:21 +0000

Chandrayaan-3, the highly anticipated lunar mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), is set to embark on its journey on July 14, at 2:35 pm IST. This mission follows in the footsteps of Chandrayaan-2, which faced partial failure during its attempt to land on the Moon’s surface in July 2019. In an effort to rectify past mistakes, ISRO has made several modifications to Chandrayaan-3.

Scheduled for launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Chandrayaan-3 will be propelled by the Launch Vehicle Mark-III. The spacecraft aims to achieve a soft landing on the lunar surface on August 23 or 24, approximately nine days after its launch.

Unlike Chandrayaan-2, which consisted of an Orbiter, Vikram Lander, and Pragyan Rover, Chandrayaan-3 comprises a Lander module (LM), Propulsion module (PM), and a Rover. The mission’s objective is for the lander to safely touch down at a designated lunar site, while the rover conducts on-site chemical analysis of the lunar surface. This phase of the mission will span one lunar day, equivalent to 14 Earth days.

ISRO has implemented several key changes to enhance the success rate of Chandrayaan-3. Notably, the mission will deploy two lander hazard detection and avoidance cameras, in contrast to the single camera used in Chandrayaan-2. Furthermore, these cameras have been engineered to be more robust and reliable compared to their predecessors.

Additionally, ISRO has rigorously tested the performance of the lander leg mechanism on Chandrayaan-3 to ensure its strength and durability throughout the mission.

Chandrayaan-3 leverages the existing orbiter from Chandrayaan-2, which remains operational and will play a crucial role in the upcoming mission.

ISRO’s continuous pursuit of lunar exploration showcases their determination to overcome past setbacks and further advance India’s space exploration capabilities. As Chandrayaan-3 prepares for liftoff, the nation eagerly anticipates another remarkable chapter in its space exploration endeavours.

Chandrayan-3 Spacecraft to integrate with Launch Vehicle: ISRO

Adesh Dixit — Wed, 05 Jul 2023 17:09:43 +0000

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) today announced the integrated encapsulated vehicle which would be containing Chandrayan-3 with the launch vehicle- LVM3 at Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

ISRO in its tweet said, “Today, at Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, the encapsulated assembly containing Chandrayaan-3 is mated with LVM3. The space agency’s chairman S Somnath while speaking to ANI said that they are planning for the launch day between July 13 to July 19 for its third lunar mission. Somnath said that ISRO aims for a soft landing and the launch day is July 13 and can go up to July 19.

In October last year, the ISRO chairman announced the tentative date of the Chandryan-3 launch in June 2023. He announced that the final integration and testing is almost complete. Still, some tests are pending, so we want to do it a little later. There were two slots available February 2023 and June 2023 and ISRO went with June for the launch.

India’s second lunar mission Chandryan-2 took off from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota on July 22, 2019 but the mission was declared a failure when the Vikram lunar lander crashed on the surface of moon during the early hours of September 6.

Check out the 6 new exciting galaxies captured by the James Webb Space Telescope

Dixita Hazarika — Sat, 01 Jul 2023 14:57:09 +0000

As per reports, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in June has helped researchers unveil and identify some of the earliest galaxies ever seen — within the first 650 million years after the Universe was born in the Big Bang. The findings have revealed that stars and galaxies were forming and evolving much earlier than anyone had suspected.

The project that was known as the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) peered at several patches of sky. Though JWST operates mainly at infrared wavelengths of light, it makes it ideal for spotting extremely distant galaxies.

It is through redshift — the higher the redshift, the more distant the object, and the astronomers measure distance in space.

In 2021, before the JSWT launch, only a few dozen galaxies were spotted at redshifts greater than 8. But JADES identified a whopping 717 galaxies that are probably in this range.

The 6 distant galaxies captured by JWST are :

1) The record holder (JADES-GS-z13-0): JWST discovered the galaxy, which lies at a redshift of 13.2 and is physically small, just a few hundred light-years across. As per Brant Robertson, an astronomer at the University of California, It is pumping out new stars at a rate comparable to the Milky Way today.

2) The glowing dog bone: This dog-bone-shaped object is at a redshift of 11.3, though its distance still needs to be confirmed.

3) GN-z11: It was first spotted with Hubble and at a redshift of 10.6. It is surprisingly bright at just 430 million years after the Big Bang.

4) The big clumpy one: At a redshift of 8, this galaxy lies around 300 million years later than the record holder.

5) The inside-out one: It was 700 million years after the Big Bang. This galaxy has more stars forming in its outskirts than in its centre.

6) The cosmic rose: As per details, the galaxy lie at varying distances encompassing redshifts from 2.5 to 3.9.

Study suggests that our galaxy has millions of planets that might support life: Study

News Desk — Thu, 01 Jun 2023 02:52:12 +0000

In the region of the Milky Way in which it resides, the sun, which is quite known to us, is an extremely rare occurrence. The vast majority of the stars in the galaxy have a mass that is little more than half that of the Sun at most, and they are also much less massive. These dwarf stars in our galaxy each have a billion planets circling around them, and as it turns out, roughly one-third of those planets might be in a zone where it is conceivable for there to be life on them.

Because “M dwarf stars” are much smaller, considerably dimmer, and significantly colder than other types of stars, the planets that orbit around them would have to be quite close to one another in order to absorb enough heat to be habitable. This would imply that they are more prone to being damaged by very strong tidal pressures.

In a recent research that was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, which is subject to peer review, astronomers revealed that two-thirds of the planets that orbit those tiny stars had the potential to be “roasted” by tidal extremes, which would basically sterilize them.

However, what this indicates is that one-third of the planets may be located at a distance from their stars that is low enough and their gravitational pull is weak enough to for the existence of liquid water, which is necessary for life as we know it.

“I believe that this discovery is going to be incredibly significant for the next decade of study into exoplanets since attention is starting to move towards this group of stars. In a press release, the author Sheila Sagear described these stars as “excellent targets to look for small planets in an orbit where it’s conceivable that water might be liquid and, therefore, the planet might be habitable.”

According to the findings of the researchers, stars that are made up of several planets are more likely to have the type of circular orbit that would enable them to keep liquid water on their surfaces. Additionally, the planets that were the sole ones circling the star were the most likely to suffer tidal extremes that would sterilize the surface of the planet.

The researchers believe that the Milky Way likely contains hundreds of millions of planets that could be promising targets to search for signs of life outside of our solar system. This is due to the fact that one-third of the planets in the sample selected by the researchers had orbits that were gentle enough to potentially host liquid water.

Explained: Here’s what actually happened that caused SpaceX’s Starship to explode during test flight

News Desk — Thu, 20 Apr 2023 19:57:31 +0000

The SpaceX’s Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket is the World’s biggest rocket. Further, it represents a fully reusable transportation system that has been designed to carry both crew and cargo to the orbit of the Earth, the Moon, and planets beyond. It is capable of carrying up to 150 metric tonnes fully reusable and 250 metric tonnes expendable.

The American spacecraft manufacturer SpaceX on Thursday morning launched its Starship which exploded a few minutes after the launch. This flight was, however, uncrewed as in there were no crew members on board so there were no casualties. SpaceX CEO Elon Musk plans to use this ship for pioneering deep-space missions.

Initially, the plan was to launch the spacecraft on Monday, but a pressure valve in the Super Heavy booster apparently froze. The abled team of professionals worked to rectify numerous unidentified issues to make a second attempt possible on Thursday.

As if the flight test was not exciting enough, Starship experienced a rapid unscheduled disassembly before stage separation.

“Teams will continue to review data and work toward our next flight test. With a test like this, success comes from what we learn, and today’s test will help us improve Starship’s reliability as SpaceX seeks to make life multi-planetary. Congratulations to the entire SpaceX team on an exciting first integrated flight test of Starship!” said SpaceX in an official statement.

Congrats @SpaceX team on an exciting test launch of Starship!

Learned a lot for next test launch in a few months. pic.twitter.com/gswdFut1dK

— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) April 20, 2023

SpaceX CEO, Elon Musk, later in the day tweeted “Congrats SpaceX team on an exciting test launch of Starship! Learned a lot for the next test launch in a few months.”

The company had wanted to launch the first Starship as early as the summer of 2021, but development and gaining FAA permission caused delays.